Basic knowledge of mold structure for CNC punching machines at Manhart (Guangdong) CNC Machine Tool Co., Ltd

**Basic knowledge of CNC punching machine mold structure**
1、 Mold type and classification
CNC punching machine molds can be classified into various types according to different classification standards. According to the structural characteristics, molds can be divided into integral molds and combination molds. The integral mold structure is compact and suitable for simple punching shapes; Combination molds can be freely combined according to needs, suitable for complex and variable punching needs. According to the different processing materials, molds can be divided into metal molds and non-metal molds. Among them, metal molds are mainly made of steel, which has high strength and wear resistance.
2、 Material selection and characteristics
The selection of mold materials directly affects the lifespan and processing quality of the mold. The commonly used mold materials include high-speed steel, hard alloy, and carbon tool steel. High speed steel has good toughness and wear resistance, making it suitable for processing softer materials; Hard alloy has high hardness and good wear resistance, but poor toughness, making it suitable for processing materials with high hardness. When selecting mold materials, it is necessary to comprehensively consider factors such as material hardness, wear resistance, toughness, and economy.
3、 Design principles and requirements
Mold design should follow the principles of reasonable structure, good processability, strong wear resistance, and long service life. When designing, it is necessary to consider the strength, stiffness, and stability of the mold to ensure that it does not deform or be damaged under high-speed impact. At the same time, the design of the mold should also consider the precision and efficiency of processing, as well as the convenience and safety of operation.
4、 Manufacturing processes and processes
The manufacturing process of molds includes multiple stages such as forging, heat treatment, and cutting processing. During the manufacturing process, it is necessary to strictly control the process parameters of each link to ensure the accuracy and quality of the mold. In addition, the mold needs to be tested and corrected multiple times during the manufacturing process to ensure the qualification rate and performance stability of the final product.
5、 Assembly and debugging techniques
The assembly and debugging of molds are crucial steps in ensuring their performance and service life. During assembly, ensure that the fitting accuracy and clearance between each component meet the requirements to avoid loosening or collision. During the debugging process, the mold needs to be tested and corrected multiple times to ensure that the punching accuracy and stability reach the optimal state.
6、 Key points for use and maintenance
When using molds, attention should be paid to keeping them clean and lubricated to prevent debris and dust from entering the interior of the mold. Meanwhile, the punching speed and depth should be controlled during use to avoid excessive wear and damage. In terms of maintenance, the mold should be regularly inspected and maintained, and severely worn parts should be replaced in a timely manner to ensure the normal use and stable performance of the mold.
7、 Fault diagnosis and troubleshooting
When the mold malfunctions, timely diagnosis and troubleshooting should be carried out. Common faults include decreased punching accuracy and rapid mold wear. Corresponding measures can be taken to repair and adjust these faults, such as adjusting the mold clearance, replacing worn parts, etc. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the daily maintenance and upkeep of molds to prevent the occurrence of malfunctions.
8、 Safe operating procedures
When operating a CNC punching machine, strict adherence to safety operating regulations should be observed. Operators should receive professional training and obtain corresponding operation certificates to ensure they have sufficient safety awareness and operation skills. At the same time, equipment should be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure its normal operation and safety performance. During the operation process, attention should be paid to observing the operating status and abnormal situations of the equipment, and timely measures should be taken to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.
In summary, the basic knowledge of the structure of CNC punching machine molds involves multiple aspects, including mold types and classifications, material selection and characteristics, design principles and requirements, manufacturing processes and processes, assembly and debugging techniques, key points of use and maintenance, fault diagnosis and troubleshooting, and safety operating standards. Only by comprehensively mastering these knowledge and strictly following the standard operation can we ensure the normal use and stable performance of the mold, thereby improving production efficiency and product quality.